In lipopolysaccharide-(LPS-)stimulated microglial BV2 cells, brazilein suppresses the release of nitric oxide (NO), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and interleukin (IL)-6 and reduces the expression of inducible nitric oxide (iNOS) synthase, which may protect the brain against ischemia/reperfusion injury [25]. Here, TNF is linked to ischemia reperfusion injury.