TLR2, a principal receptor for recognition of pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs), has been identified to play a crucial role in the induction and progression of chronic inflammatory disorders such as asthma[22], pulmonary inflammation and fibrosis[23], intestinal inflammation[24], dermatomyositis and polymyositis[25], and rheumatoid arthritis[26]. This evidence concerns the gene TLR2 and polymyositis.