To test this hypothesis, we performed genotyping analysis for the two SNPs in the 5′-flaking region of TLR4, rs1927914 and rs10759932, in a case-control study with 1,053 gastric cancer cases and 1,100 cancer-free controls from a high incidence area of gastric cancer, Jiangsu Province, China. This evidence concerns the gene TLR4 and cancer.