In addition to Cd80 and Cd86, several other genes were induced to higher levels in cDC subsets than in B lymphocytes, CD8+ T cells and NK cells responding to the same infection in vivo: Tnfsf9, Il6, Cxcl9, Traf1, Marcksl1, Pla1a, Clic4, Il15, and Tmcc3. These genes are therefore likely to critically contribute conferring to mature DCs their primary specific functions, the ability to prime naïve T cells, and to polarize them toward specific functions. This evidence concerns the gene TRAF1 and infection.