PTGS2 and cancer: While COX-2 inhibitors may limit the potentially beneficial antiinflammatory effects of the COX-2–dependent ‘15d-PGJ2/PPAR-γ pathway’, they may advantageously reduce its harmful effects, including 1) the increased risk for myocardial infarction and certain infections (for example, cytomegalovirus and Toxoplasma gondii) in schizophrenic patients [254] and 2) its pro-apoptotic effects observed in human and animal cancer tissue [255].