To study roles of T cell cytokines and potential regulatory factors, we examined Mtb antigen-specific induction of Type 1, 2, and 17 responses as well as production of IL-10 and TGFβ in pulmonary TB (PTB), tuberculous lymphadenitis (TBL) and latent TB (LTB) individuals in an area highly endemic for tuberculosis. This evidence concerns the gene TGFB1 and tuberculosis.