CARTPT and Parkinson disease: We recently found that CART affects several mammalian and human cells: 1) CART interacts with the complex II protein, succinate dehydrogenase SDH, and this interaction is reported to enhance mitochondrial protection via ATP biogenesis; 2) it protects mtDNA and cellular lipids and proteins against oxidative insults, 3) it scavenges mitochondrial ROS, 4) it protects dopamine neurons in a mouse model of PD [10,11].