Stimulation of GSLCs with VEGF upregulated the expression of the genes for VEGFR-2 (Fig. 2C) and VE-cadherin (Fig. 2D), consistent with the expression of both CD133 and VEGFR-2 in cells of primary human grade IV (12/15), III (6/10), II (1/7) glioma specimens (Fig. 2E). Here, VEGFA is linked to central nervous system cancer.