For example, decreased nephron endowment and altered maturation of the heart may have implications for renal and cardiovascular function post-natally; increased collagen deposition and decreased expression of surfactants and interleukins in the lungs may decrease distensibility and predispose to infection; and increased expression of tropoelastin and collagen in cerebral vasculature may increase risk of hemorrhage. The gene discussed is ELN; the disease is infection.