By detecting and comparing the serum osteocalcin levels and glucose metabolism indicators of 66 patients with type 2 diabetes, we found that the tOC levels of patients with higher HbA1c were lower than those of the patients with well-controlled blood glucose levels, the fasting glucose levels were higher in male patients with lower tOC levels, tOC and HbA1c were significantly negatively correlated, and tOC was the independent associated factor affecting HbA1c level. The gene discussed is BGLAP; the disease is type 2 diabetes mellitus.