EGFR and Nephropathy: The ability of gefitinib to inhibit NFκB and AP-1 activity suggests a beneficial role for targeting EGFR in diabetic nephropathy, especially since NFκB and AP-1 binds to the promoter regions of, and hence is able to regulate, several genes thought to be important in the pathogenesis of nephropathy, including transforming growth factor-β1 (TGFβ1) and monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1) [34–36].