ALB and metabolic syndrome: The backward selection procedure produced an expanded assessment tool with 15 items (age, race, income, smoking status, self-reported hypertension, unrecognized dyslipidemia, perceived stress score, waking at night due to breathlessness, body mass index and body mass index squared, HDL cholesterol squared, systolic blood pressure, albumin to creatinine ratio, heart rate, and heart rate squared) and a c-statistic of 0.654 (95% CI 0.634-0.674, p < 0.001 for test of no discrimination) (Figure 1).