The 50 genes identified by both methods with the highest (logFC<−3) decrease in expression when compared to adjacent non-tumour tissue included uromodulin (UMOD), aquaporin 2 (AQP2), kininogen 1 (KNG1), chloride channel Ka gene (CLCNKA), metallothionein 1G (MT1G), ATPases - ATP6V1B1 and ATP6V0A4, ion transport regulator – FXYD4, claudin 8 (CLDN8), potassium inwardly-rectifying channel gene (KCNJ1), T-cell differentiation gene (MAL), nephrosis 2 (SFRP2), sodium channel gene (SCNN1A) and serpin peptidase inhibitor (SERPINA5). Here, MAL is linked to neoplasm.