PML and breast carcinoma: In addition, complete or partial loss of PML protein expression has been observed in multiple human cancer types, such as prostate and colon adenocarcinoma, breast carcinoma, lymphoma, CNS tumors, and germ cell tumors (Koken et al., 1995; Gambacorta et al., 1996; Gurrieri et al., 2004a; Chen et al., 2012).