The acquisition of CD11b+CD11c+ cells in the Helicobacter-infected stomachs at 6 months mirrors the CD11b+ subset of tumor infiltrating myelomonocytoid cells described by Umemura et al. that acquire the CD11c+Gr1+ surface markers along with their T cell suppressor function (myeloid-derived suppressor function or MDSCs) [18]. This evidence concerns the gene ITGAX and neoplasm.