Low levels of alcohol in occasional or social mild-to-moderate drinkers are metabolized mainly by alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH), which also appears to cause oxidative stress-mediated liver toxicity.5 However, alcohol-inducible CYP2E1 also has an important role in alcohol metabolism and mediate liver impairment among variety of alcohol drinkers.2 Although the role of CYP2E1 in alcohol-mediated liver toxicity is well known, similar studies are limited in extra-hepatic cells, especially cells from the CNS. Here, AKR1A1 is linked to toxicity.