In contrast to these studies, which in general suggest a destructive role of TLR8 in CNS, systemic TLR8 gene deletion in mice led to development of autoimmunity and glomerulonephritis [26].This discrepancy further sparked our interest to investigate the role and regulation of this intriguing TLR under an autoimmune condition. The gene discussed is TLR8; the disease is Autoimmunity.