[34] who found insulin treatment to partially normalise nephron number in neonates of STZ-treated dams where diabetes was induced later in gestation at E13 followed by insulin implantation at E15. This protocol partially restored maternal blood glucose concentrations from a 5-fold to 2.5-fold elevation compared with controls, normalised neonatal bodyweight to within control values and reduced the nephron deficit by half [34], [35]. The gene discussed is INS; the disease is diabetes mellitus.