It has also been shown that BATF overexpression in activated primary human T cells impairs T-cell proliferation and IL-2 production, whereas silencing BATF expression in HIV-specific T cells increases their proliferation, as well as IFN-γ and IL-2 production [33,124], confirming that BATF plays a role in T cell dysfunction during HIV infection. This evidence concerns the gene IL2 and HIV infectious disease.