INS and Insulin resistance: Separate analyses of non-diabetic subjects (n = 99) also revealed significant inverse correlations between average PPARGC1A DNA methylation and fasting insulin (β = −0.83 (−1.64;−0.02) P = 0.05), fasting glucose (β = −3.86 (−7.80;0.07) P = 0.05) and insulin resistance based on HOMA-IR (β = −1.65 (−3.02;−0.27) P = 0.02).