Finally, our functional studies demonstrate that miR-191/425 cluster exerts a dual role in breast cancer cells depending on their ERα status: in ERα positive cells miR-191/425 work as oncogenes by inducing proliferation in part through the suppression of EGR1 during the E2 stimulation; in ERα negative cells, they impair tumor growth and invasiveness conferring a more epithelial phenotype to highly aggressive breast cancer cells. The gene discussed is ESR1; the disease is breast carcinoma.