Our results showed that TLR7 ligand (imiquimod) stimulation of PBMCs induced greater-fold increases in IL-1β levels (up to around 22-fold), IL-6 (up to around 28-fold), IL-18 (up to around15-fold), and IFN-α (up to around 17-fold) in AOSD patients compared to those in healthy controls, indicating that the upregulation of TLR7 is functional. Here, IL6 is linked to adult-onset Still disease.