Some authors hypothesized that artificial transcription factors (ATFs), composed of modular zinc finger (ZF) domains and designed to recognize specific sequences in the promoter of a tumor suppressor, would result in a re-expression of the endogenous gene silenced by epigenetic mechanisms in aggressive tumor cells (e.g. in metastatic breast cancer and in non-small cell lung cancer) and also in up-regulation of E-cadherin. Here, CDH1 is linked to neoplasm.