The pleiotropic effects of inhibition of NLRP3 inflammasome in obesity are evident by improved insulin signaling in adipose tissue, liver, and skeletal muscle and increased insulin secretion in the pancreas [Figure 2; (Stienstra et al., 2011; Vandanmagsar et al., 2011; Wen et al., 2011)]. The gene discussed is NLRP3; the disease is obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency.