PPARA and obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency: In the review article “Misregulation of PPAR functioning and Its pathogenic consequences associated with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in human obesity” by L. A. Videla and P. Pettinelli, the authors mention that NASH is involved in the misregulation of PPARs signaling, accompanied by PPAR-γ and SREBP-1c-mediated metabolic disturbances (obesity-induced oxidative stress and related long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid n-3 (LCPUFA n-3) depletion, insulin resistance, hypoadiponectinemia, and ER stress, due to lipogenesis and fatty acid oxidation.