In GNE myopathy biopsies, chymotrypsin-like (CTL), trypsin-like (TL), and peptidyl-glutamyl peptide-hydrolyzing (PGPH) protease activities were increased by 48.2%, 55.3%, and 27.5% (P<0.05), respectively compared with the control biopsies (Fig. 4D). The gene discussed is CTRL; the disease is myopathy.