TNF and allergic rhinitis: Gentile and co-workers [28] investigated genotypes for a number of different cytokines; including TNF-α, interferon gamma (IFN-gamma), interleukin (IL)-6, IL-10, and transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta1; in 124 infants (85% white, 57% male) to determine any associations between the specific cytokine genotypes and a parental history of allergic rhinitis and/or asthma.