CXCL12 and neoplasm: Among the large family of chemokines and their receptors, the most extensively studied is CXCR4/CXCL12 signaling cascade, which is expressed by various types of tumor cells, including, liver [6]–[9] and plays a critical role in the inflammatory responses, angiogenesis, tumor growth, invasion, and metastasis [10]–[12].