CXCL12 and neoplasm: The effects of the CXCR4/CXCL12 axis on HCC are considered to be multidimensional and it has been implicated in both the homing of tumor cells to specific organs, as well as the growth of tumor cells at specific locations, which are most likely mediated by the effects of CXCR4 on migration, invasion, and metastasis [7]–[9].