B-cells from SPMS patients had increased expression of LTA (lymphotoxin-alpha), monocytes from SPMS and PPMS patients had increased expression of LTBR and TNFRSF14 (HVEM), and dendritic cells from patients with PPMS had increased expression of LTBR and IL21R. Here, TNFRSF14 is linked to secondary progressive multiple sclerosis.