As an immunocompromised state as a result of HIV infection is one of the most important risk factors for TB, it is worth noting that MCP-1 and IP-10 are likely to behave similarly upon treatment in HIV infected and uninfected TB patients: IP-10 and MCP-1 have been shown to be elevated in TB both with and without HIV infection (the levels of MCP-1 were even more increased in HIV+ TB patients) and a decrease in serum levels in TB patients receiving treatment was shown for both HIV- and HIV+[6], [17]. Here, CCL2 is linked to HIV infectious disease.