RARRES2 and Insulin resistance: Recent studies demonstrated that chemerin induces insulin resistance in skeletal muscle by inhibiting insulin-stimulated Akt1 phosphorylation and activating the 5 AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) [42], glycogen synthase kinase 3 phosphorylation, and glucose uptake [44].This decreased uptake could either be a result of down regulation of glucose transporters or competitive inhibition of chemerin to these receptors.