Elevated interstitial flows can upregulate transforming growth factor beta-1 (TGF-β1) expression (Ng et al., 2005; Ng and Swartz, 2006; Wipff et al., 2007; Ahamed et al., 2008), which can induce a tumor-associated fibroblast phenotype characterized by enhanced contractility and increased secretion of cytokines, angiogenic growth factors, and matrix metalloproteinase (MMPs) (Hinz et al., 2002; De Wever et al., 2004a,b; Orimo and Weinberg, 2006). Here, TGFB1 is linked to neoplasm.