In this respect; Martinez-Lostao and co-workers have recently demonstrated that tethering APO2L/TRAIL to the liposome membrane (a surrogate of naturally occurring exosomes) increased its bioactivity; resulting in a more effective treatment of experimental arthritis compared with soluble; unconjugated APO2L/TRAIL; with substantially reduced synovial hyperplasia and inflammation in rabbit knee joints [140]. The gene discussed is TNFSF10; the disease is Arthritis.