We previously demonstrated that granuloma cells in Crohn's disease expressed CD86 (B7-2), CD80 (B7-1) and HLA-DR, and observed direct cell-to-cell contact between granuloma cells (including giant cells) and lymphocytes by immunoelectron microscopy.7 Furthermore, granuloma cells in Crohn's disease expressed CC-chemokine ligand 5 (CCL5 also known as RANTES) and T cells distributed around the granuloma expressed CC-chemokine receptor 5 (CCR5), a cognate receptor for CCL5.8 These data are in accordance with the view that immune granuloma cells may function as antigen presenting cells (APCs). This evidence concerns the gene CD80 and Crohn disease.