In the heart, STAT3 was shown to be protective in myocardial infarction as well as in viral-induced myocarditis (Hilfiker-Kleiner et al, 2004; Lindner et al, 2012; Oshima et al, 2005; Yajima et al, 2006, 2011). This evidence concerns the gene STAT3 and myocarditis.