While very strong associations have been reported from a number of different cohorts between non-progressive infection/HIV-1 control and the HLA-B alleles B57 and B27 (Hendel et al., 1999; Fellay et al., 2007; Guergnon et al., 2012), not all individuals with this genotype are atypical progressors, and conversely, not all atypical progressors possess this genotype (Emu et al., 2008). This evidence concerns the gene HLA-B and infection.