Given that loss of the dRIOKs strongly and specifically blocks growth and survival of EGFR and PI3K mutant glia, and that recent publications suggest that the RIO kinases may contribute to EGFR and/or mTor signaling [21], [22], the functional roles of RIOK1 and RIOK2 in GBM were of particular interest. This evidence concerns the gene RIOK1 and glioblastoma.