ADRB2 and infection: Since activation of the bacterial recognition receptors TLRs 2 & 4 result in the induction of COX-2 induced prostaglandins [33], [34], we investigated whether RV RNA as a result of infection can activate the viral recognition receptors TLR 3, 7 and 8 and also induce COX-2 mediated prostaglandins which may then cause β2 AR desensitization on ASMCs.