Activation of the SIRT1 pathway in vitro with resveratrol decreases proinflammatory cytokine release (Yang et al., 2007; Arunachalam et al., 2010), and both genetic overexpression and pharmacologic activation of SIRT1 protects against smoke-induced emphysema via a FOXO3-mediated reduction of cellular senescence independent of the inflammatory effects (Yao et al., 2012). Here, SIRT1 is linked to pulmonary emphysema.