The aims of our study were the following: (1) to clarify if diastolic dysfunction and LV hypertrophy are characteristics of abnormal cardiac function and structure in T2DM in comparison with age-matched healthy controls; and (2) to investigate the independent factors for diastolic dysfunction and LV hypertrophy among clinical factors including glycemic control, blood pressure, insulin resistance, fatty acid and visceral fat. The gene discussed is INS; the disease is type 2 diabetes mellitus.