Our data strongly support the hypothesis in a pre-clinical model that treatment of reovirus 1/L-ALI/ARDS with curcumin inhibits the host inflammatory response potentially through the modulation of cytokine/chemokine expression through the NFκB pathway as well as the host fibrotic response during the regeneration phase of the disease through modulation of the TGFß pathway. Here, NFKB1 is linked to acute respiratory distress syndrome.