IFNG and malaria: Cytokine measurements in individuals with an acute episode showed that children, travelers and expatriates had significantly higher levels of IFN-γ than malaria-exposed individuals (median {IQR} of 163.85 {51.33; 564.16}, 584.54 {77.17; 1446.56}, 44.03 {13.7; 199.72}, and 10.65 {0.8; 29} pg/mL, respectively; P<0.0001, P<0.0001, P = 0.006, respectively) (Figure 2).