It has a critical role in maintaining long-term potentiation and long-term memory.42Dlgh4 or Psd-95 (discs large homolog 4), is a post-synaptic marker which was significantly decreased by beta-amyloids but induced by withanosides from Ashwagandha (root of Withania somnifera), a herbal drug in ayurvedic medicine commonly used as a tonic and nootropic agent.43 Another gene up-regulated by OPP is Fos (Finkel–Biskis–Jinkins osteosarcoma), which is a marker of neuronal activity and plasticity. This evidence concerns the gene FOS and osteosarcoma.