The possible use of serum cytokine profiles (including the chemokines CCL2/3/4/5/11 and CXCL5/8/10/11) as a diagnostic tool was investigated by Feng et al. [53]; different profiles were then detected for MDS and aplastic anemia, and Tpo, together with CCL3 levels, it was particularly important to distinguish between the two. Here, CCL3 is linked to myelodysplastic syndrome.