The AMELY-activated upstream regulation molecular network included BUB1B, CST6, ESM1, HOXA5, LEF1, MAPT, MYBL2, NOTCH3, PLA2G1B, PROK1, ROBO1, SCML2 and UBE2C in HCC, as shown in Fig. 2. Here, ESM1 is linked to hepatocellular carcinoma.