FOXO3 and neoplasm: Previous studies have shown that FOXO3a acts as a tumor suppressor by inducing apoptosis [18,21]; and recent researches have provided evidence that FOXO3a has multiple functions, especially with regards to aging and stress resistance [19,20,22,23].These studies have suggested that FOXO3a may exert opposing effects and orchestrate different responses, based on the extracellular stimuli or the specific cell type [12,24-26].