In this study, we sought to investigate the association of three well-characterized nonsynonymous polymorphisms in XRCC1 (rs1799782∶Arg194Trp and rs25487∶Arg399Gln) and XRCC3 (rs861539∶Thr241Met) genes with risk of lung cancer in a northeastern Chinese population. This evidence concerns the gene XRCC1 and lung cancer.