Fas ligand (FasL) and Chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2 (CCL-2) were ultimately selected for testing because at the time our study was undertaken, neither had been tested as biomarkers of NAFLD or NASH, yet well-described in term of their biological functions and known for their pleiotropy. This evidence concerns the gene CCL2 and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis.