In cystic echinococcosis (CE), immunostaining of TGF-β has also been shown at the periphery of hydatid cysts in the liver of patients [15]; and another study confirmed a progressive increase in the expression of mRNA of TGF-β in the liver of E. granulosus-infected BALB/c mice [16]. Here, TGFB1 is linked to cholesteryl ester measurement.