INS and diabetes mellitus: To determine the therapeutic efficacy of proinsulin plasmid alone compared to anti-CD20 alone in diabetes reversal, we administered either 50 μg of proinsulin plasmid (pBHT568) at weekly intervals, or anti-CD20 daily for four consecutive days, in a new cohort of hyperglycemic NOD mice (>180 mg/dL; not treated with insulin pellets).